The Poetic Splendor of Andal: Devotion and Mysticism in Tamil Bhakti Literature

Abstract

This research article explores the rich poetic legacy of Andal, a revered figure in Tamil Śaivite and Vaiṣṇavite Bhakti traditions. Andal, known for her profound spiritual compositions such as Tiruppavai and Nācciyār Tirumoḻi, occupies a central position in early Tamil Bhakti literature. Her poetry resonates with themes of intense devotion and mystical union with the divine, encapsulating the essence of Bhakti philosophy. Through a comprehensive analysis of Andal’s verses, this study explores the intricate interplay of devotion, femininity, and mysticism within her literary corpus. Thematically, Andal’s poetry reflects a deep spiritual longing and an intimate relationship with the divine, characterized by fervent expressions of love and surrender. Linguistically, her compositions exhibit a remarkable command of Tamil poetics, employing vivid imagery and rhythmic structures to evoke emotive and sensory experiences. Culturally, Andal’s works have not only shaped religious practices but also contributed significantly to the construction of Tamil cultural identity. By examining the thematic, linguistic, and cultural dimensions of Andal’s poetry, this article illuminates how her poetic oeuvre continues to inspire spiritual seekers and scholars alike. It underscores Andal’s enduring influence on Tamil literature and religious discourse, emphasizing her role as a pioneering Bhakti poet-saint whose verses transcend time and resonate deeply with the human experience of divine love and devotion.