Dalit Aesthetic Theory

Abstract

Dalit Aesthetic Theory has similarities with the theories of subaltern literature, African American Literature as well as with problem play, and Drama of Ideas. Dalit Aesthetic Theory is indigenous and is firmly rooted in the history, politics and culture of Dalits. In Indian literature the use of untouchability as a theme is not new. Caste consciousness is a motif in the writings of 14^th century saint-poet Chokhamela, a village Mahar, Kabir, Ravidas, Jyotiba Phule, Mahatma Gandhi, and Tagore. Prior to Ambedkar the untouchable writers accepted tacitly the tenets of Hindu religion and philosophy, namely, the theory of Karma and Varnashramdharma. But at the same time they regretted their miserable condition and despicable status in the society. Contemporary Dalit Literature is Ambedkarite Literature in which there is a portrayal of agonizing reality, and the expression of a radical revolt against the age old, time honoured defective traditions, conventions, and dogmas of Hindu religion. Dalit Literature cuts at the very roots of Varnashramdharma. According to Ambedkar the root cause of social and cultural exploitation of the Dalit lies in the disparaging laws pertaining to the status of the Dalit ordained in ancient Indian scriptures of Hindu religion and philosophy. Contemporary Dalit Literature portrays dreadful and humiliating events of Dalit world. It represents inequality, sorrow, and misery of the oppressed class. Dalit Literature tells us about the cultural conflict of the socially, economically, and culturally deprived and disadvantaged group of people. It requires literature to be revolutionary, didactic, and doctrinaire.